Instead, Hegel calls on speculative thought: two contradictory elements are held together, uplifted and sublated without completely destroying one another. It leads to covering the same problems and ground ever and anon for each philosophical generation. However, reflective thought is to be avoided due to its circularity. Reflection is circular, as Fichte unapologetically acknowledged. With Fichte's ultimate ground, the "I" or " ego", for example, one can immediately see the reliance upon the "non-I", which allows Fichte to distinguish what he means by the "I". One can always find another thing in reflective philosophy upon which some "absolute" ground relies. Hegel approaches the history of philosophy in the same way, arguing that important philosophical ideas of the past are not rejected but rather preserved and changed as philosophy develops. At the level of social history, sublation can be seen at work in the master-slave dialectic. For example, the Oriental, Greek and Roman Empires (in which the individual is ignored or annihilated, then recognized, and finally suppressed by the States) are preserved and destroyed in the First French Empire, which, for Hegel, placed the individual in harmony with the State. In Hegel's logic self-contradiction is legitimate and necessary.įor Hegel, history (like logic) proceeds in every small way through sublation. The synthesis both abolishes and preserves the thesis and the antithesis, an apparent contradiction which leads to difficulties in interpreting this concept (and to translate aufheben). Hegel stated that aufheben is uniquely exempt from the historical process in that it is supposed to be true for all time and never changes or develops further as in das absolute Wissen (" absolute knowledge"). His conception of historical progress follows a dialectic spiral, in which the thesis is opposed by the antithesis, itself sublated by the synthesis. Hegel's philosophy of history stresses the importance of negative (the antithesis) in history-negative includes wars, etc., but not only. Similarly, in the Science of Logic ( Doctrine of Being) determinateness, or quality, and magnitude, or quantity, are each both preserved and sublated in the concept measure. The two concepts Being and Nothing are each both preserved and changed through sublation in the concept Becoming. Sublation can be seen at work at the most basic level of Hegel's system of logic. Sublation is the motor by which the dialectic functions. In sublation, a term or concept is both preserved and changed through its dialectical interplay with another term or concept. The tension between these senses suits what Hegel is trying to talk about. In Hegel, the term Aufhebung has the apparently contradictory implications of both preserving and changing, and eventually advancement (the German verb aufheben means "to cancel", "to keep" and "to pick up"). ( Jacques Derrida's preferred French translation of the term was relever.) Hegel In philosophy, aufheben is used by Hegel in his exposition of dialectics, and in this sense is translated mainly as "sublate". The term has also been defined as "abolish", "preserve", and "transcend". JSTOR ( November 2022) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Īufheben ( ( listen)) or Aufhebung ( ( listen)) is a German word with several seemingly contradictory meanings, including "to lift up", "to abolish", "cancel" or "suspend", or "to sublate". Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification.
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